The most widely used printedcircuit antenna is the microstrip patch, which in its simplest form is a rectangular or circular patch of metal fed by the microstrip upper conductor. The meandered patch provides band width enhancement and the air cavity along with a thick aluminum ground plane combindly provided gain enhancement. Thus the element and feed line, and usually other elements, power dividers, etc. However, the gain and bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna are very less. It consists of area of metallization supported above a ground plane by a thin dielectric substrate and fed against the ground at an appropriate location. Feed network to accomplish more directivity and gain, arrays of patch elements can be utilized as part of combination with a feed network. The feeding technique used to feed the antenna is coaxial probe feeding technique.
Working of patch antenna a microstrip or patch antenna operates in a way that when current though a feed line reaches the strip of the antenna, then electromagnetic waves are generated. Design and simulation of microstrip patch array antenna. A meandered e shape patch antenna with a air cavity is proposed. You can specify several namevalue pair arguments in any order as name1, value1. Meandered patch air cavity antenna for l band applications. Improving the gain of a patch antenna researchgate. The results shows that the directivity is enhanced by 56% as compare to conventional rectangular patch antenna. Gain enhancement in microstrip patch antennas by replacing. Likewise, microstrip patch antenna is having lots of parameters like vswr, gain, bandwidth, return loss, directivity etc. A microstrip or patch antenna operates in a way that when current though a feed line reaches the strip of the antenna, then electromagnetic waves are generated. The conventional microstrip patch antenna msa have low gain and low directivity. Alternate feed methods a common variation in patch antenna design is the location and routing of the feed, to obtain a desired feedpoint impedance, to.
Review and analysis of microstrip patch array antenna with. Enhancement of gain of rectangular micro strip antenna. A slot cut on the radiating patch also affects the performance of the antenna as it introduced a capacitive effect 10. The directivity of a patch can be estimated quite easily. New compact pentagonal microstrip patch antenna for. Often microstrip antennas are also referred to as patch antennas.
A high gain rectangular microstrip patch antenna using di. A single highdirectivity microstrip patch antenna mpa having a rectangular profile, which can substitute a linear array is proposed. It is designed by using genetic algorithms with the advantage of not requiring a feeding network. The gain and directivity of the designed antenna is 7. Microstrip patch antenna characterized by attractive features such as low cost and compact size, but the important problems of patch antenna are its small gain, law directivity and narrow bandwidth because of substrate dielectric has surface wave losses 1. Patterns are somewhat hemispherical, with a moderate directivity about 68 db is typical.
Design equation the designed antenna with alumina substrate having dielectric constant and thickness 9. The proposed antenna is suitable for specific applications, such as security and military systems, which require a narrow bandwidth and a small antenna size. The presence of arrays of microstrip elements provides greater directivity, higher gain, increased transmission range with less interference. Additional benefits of patch antennas is that they are easily fabricated making them cost effective. A patch antenna radiates power in certain directions and we say that the antenna has directivity usually expressed in dbi. The directivity of proposed antenna was maintainedto begreater than 5db at all resonant frequencies.
This v slot microstrip patch antenna is acceptable for todays communication system. Hence, with slight modification in the design, benefits can be accomplished. In this paper, a study of new design of pentagonal microstrip patch antenna for wireless communications applications. Properties not specified retain their default values. Aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna acmpa, return loss, bandwidth, gain, single feed single frequency, cst2009. Microstrip patch antennas or simply patch antenna are increasingly useful because the antenna is printed directly onto a circuit board. Bg structures are periodic structures that are composed of dielectric, metal or metallodielectric materials.
Micro strip patch antenna is used in many fields like. The patch is generally made up of a conducting material such as copper or gold and can take any possible shape like rectangular, circular, triangular, elliptical or. The proposed dual layer microstrip patch antenna has an impedance. The basic structure of the microstrip patch antenna is shown in figure 1. Design and implementation of patch antenna 8 figure 2. One familiar application of this type of patch antenna is the rectangular antenna usually in a plastic housing used widely in 2. This paper presents coaxial feed rectangular microstrip patch antenna along with lefthanded metamaterial lhm cover. Deschamps in 1953, but didnt become practical until the 1970s when it was developed further by researchers such as robert e. Improving the gain of a patch antenna i modeled a symmetricallyslotted patch antenna in hfss for european uhf frequency.
Optimization of directivity and gain performances on circular patch. Improving microstrip patch antenna directivity using ebg. Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna array. The basics of patch antennas, updated orban microwave. The width of the microstrip patch antenna is calculated by. The antenna possesses a good return loss but a gain of 1. This paper presents a novel technique to design a rotman lens feeding a wide bandwidth microstrip patch antenna array for 60 ghz radio frequency. Genetic algorithm optimization of a high directivity. Section ii explains the design procedure of an inset feed semicircular icrostrip patch antenna covered by dielectric superstrate ds and section iii is about the simulation. The fields are linearly polarized, and in the horizontal direction when viewing the microstrip antenna as in figure 1a well see why in the next section. The proposed metamaterial cover increases the gain and directivity of the antenna in comparison to conventional microstrip patch antenna alone. Introduction antenna is a transducer which converts guided electromagnetic wave em into free space electromagnetic.
Scale 62 estimated directivity of circular patch on a large ground plane for either linearly or circularly polarized antenna. Another type of patch antenna is the planar invertedf antenna pifa. Directivity calculate in cst patch antenna design using. The antenna only has a single radiation edge equivalent slot which lowers the directivity gain of the antenna. If the antenna had a 100% radiation efficiency, all directivity would be converted to gain. High gain fss aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna.
The shape of the microstrip patch also matters to get the different outputs. The main objective of this paper is to enhance the gain of the microstrip antenna by using frequency selective surfaces as a superstrate. Single layer microstrip line feed elements are typically limited to. Normalized radiation pattern for microstrip patch antenna. The microstrip patch antenna performance is depends on and determined by its operating frequency, resonant frequency, gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency. Easy to incorporate with other microstrip circuit elements and integrate into systems. Microstrip patch antenna directivity, antenna design. Gain and bandwidth are essential design parameters of a wireless communication system. We will discuss later in this work more parameters of the antenna in connection with microstrip patch antenna like radiation pattern, efficiency, quality factor, directivity, gain, and more. The width w of the microstrip patch antenna controls the input impedance.
Scale 61 estimated directivity of square patch on a large ground plane for either linearly or circularly polarized antenna. High antenna gain is generally desirable for communications systems, whether terrestrial or based on satellites. Gain and directivity enhancement of rectangular microstrip. Least squares approximations to table 61 can be computed. Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna arrays. Gain and directivity enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch. The gain of these antennas is between the ranges between 8dbi to 20dbi. Enhancement of directivity of rectangular microstrip. Gain enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna using a. Gain enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna using a reflecting layer a low profile, unidirectional, dual layer, and narrow bandwidth microstrip patch antenna is designed to resonate at 2. However, these parameters are complimentary matrices, in that if one is improved, other is degraded.
Circular microstrip patch antenna using coaxial feed for s. In this paper a simple microstrip patch antenna is designed in ads at a resonant frequency of 3. This work is mainly focused on increasing the gain as well as reducing the size of the. Microstrip patch antenna is a single layer design which contains mainly these four parts patch, ground plane, substrate and feeding part. Metamaterial enhances microstrip antenna gain microwaves. In this paper, we discuss microstrip patch antenna, its different parameters, feeding techniques and shapes of the patch. The patch antenna is fed using a microstrip feed transmission line with 50.
Typical half wave patches have efficiencies well above 90%. Easy to use in an array to increase the directivity. A slotted rectangular microstrip patch antenna for bandwidth enhancement which is excited by two. In this paper, a microstrip array antenna with 2 elements is proposed.
Their low profile design, often square or rectangular, allows them to be mounted to flat surfaces. Comparison of a single and array of micro strip circular patch with proximity feeding technique as the. Directivity calculate in cst for patch antenna antenna,microstrip,patch antenna,coaxial cable,radio,microwave engineering,probe feed,cst,coaxial feed using c. Name is the property name and value is the corresponding value.
A low profile, unidirectional, dual layer, and narrow bandwidth microstrip patch antenna is designed to resonate at 2. Microstrip patch antennas are very popular in wireless communication because of its low profile, lightweight, low production cost. The proposed antenna has regular pentagonal patch provide dual bands 2. In this paper we are going to enhance gain and bandwidth of microstrip patch antenna. Microstrip patch antenna parameters, feeding techniques. But, in proposed design, a high gain patch antenna with fss antenna is presented having high gain, high directivity and good radiation patterns from a single coaxial fed. Improving microstrip patch antenna directivity using ebg superstrate. The radiating elements and the feed lines are usually photo etched on the dielectric substrate. Microstrip antenna an overview sciencedirect topics. Gain, directivity, rectangular microstip antenna, ie3d, vswr. The fundamentals of patch antenna design and performance. Performance enhancement of coaxial feed microstrip patch.
The use of metamaterials in single or multiple layers has been shown to contribute a great deal to the design of a highgain microstrip antenna at 10. This antenna is designed on coaxial probe feeding technique and its performance characteristics which include return loss, gain, directivity. Analysis of v slot multiband microstrip patch antenna for. The pifa is common in cellular phones mobile phones with builtin antennas. Gain and directivity of the seriesfed microstrip patch antenna array. Index terms microstrip patch antenna, array, feed mechanism, impedance matching, return loss, radiation patterns, gain, directivity and.