Its culms are glabrous, cylindrical, erect and decumbent. Insights into the evolution and taxonomic identification of two weedy species. These are primarily included because names of species rank are synonyms of accepted infraspecific names. The results showed that the effect of two weeds pot1 produced 70. Multiple resistance has evolved to herbicides in the groups a1, and g9. Echinochloa colonumcolona famine foods plants that are not normally considered as crops are consumed in times of famine purdue university, west lafayette, indiana. Echinochloa colonumcolona famine foods purdue university. Echinochloa frumentacea an overview sciencedirect topics. It is green to purple, tufted and shortly stoloniferous. Echinochloa annual or perennial succulent grasses of warm regions genus echinochloa liliopsid genus, monocot genus genus of flowering plants. Recommended citation poaceae, echinochloa colonum, l. Jungle rice is also grown on amami, okinawa, and ogasawara islands in japan enomoto,1992.
Echinochloa synonyms, echinochloa pronunciation, echinochloa translation, english dictionary definition of echinochloa. Honda echinochloa divaricata andersson echinochloa equitans. Gupta, in encyclopedia of food sciences and nutrition second edition, 2003. Multiple resistant echinochloa oryzoides from turkey. Provided by usda nrcs wetland science institute wsi. Jungle rice grows most commonly at low altitudes but can be found at up to 2000 m and in areas where annual rainfall is ranging from 400 mm to about 1200 mm fao, 2011. In case of paspalidiums, the easiest identification is that the racemes would be adpressed to the peduncle. Inflorescence lanceolate rarely linear, 725 cm long. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Species on this page a names approved by most authorities, s approved as synonyms. Control of herbicide resistant echinochloa oryzoides with pre and post emergent herbicides based on the leaf stages.
Echinochloa definition of echinochloa by the free dictionary. The effect of the seed storage in the sub merged soil on awakening of the primary dormancy depends on the low partial pressure of oxygen which is caused by. Echinochloa colona is a type of wild grass originating from tropical asia. Echinochloa colona is a common weed in many crops mainly rice, maize, and vegetables, gardens, roadsides, disturbed sites, waste areas, and pastures. Measuring chlorophyll fluorescence is a rapid and noninvasive technique for assaying photosynthetic apparatus status in.
Jan 14, 2015 this page was last edited on 3 september 2017, at 08. Echinochloa colona and chloris virgata are two major grass weeds in. Common name isynonym iother names i deccan grass echinochloa colona l. The generic name is derived from the greek echinos, hedgehog, and chloa, grass, in reference to the spikelets in many species that are covered with hard bristles. Risk assessment of cockspur grass echinochloa crusgalli. Measuring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters for rapid detection of ametryn resistant junglerice echinochloa colona l. It can be present in large numbers and responsive to nutrients. The plant list includes a further 140 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus echinochloa. The basionym of echinochloa colona is panicum colonum linnaeus 1759.
It is regarded as an environmental weed in parts of queensland. Barnyard grass, weed biology, echinochloa crusgalli. The anther wall comprises the epidermis, fibrous endothecium, a middle layer and uniseriate glandular tapetum. It is the wild ancestor of the cultivated cereal crop echinochloa frumentacea, sawa millet. Pdf nutritional and biological importance of the weed. The addition of paraquat to the single herbicides and combining as a. The effect of weed control was investigated, based on the leaf growth stages andor several different herbicide treatments, for an integrated weed management of herbicide resistant echinochloa oryzoides in a rice field. Echinochloa colonum resistance to bispyribacsoduim in egypt occurrence and identification article pdf available in journal of plant protection research 521. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Some taxonomists treat the two taxa as one species, in which case the domesticated. Plants profile for echinochloa frumentacea billiondollar.
These particular biotypes are known to have resistance to fluazifoppbutyl, and. Singh 1986 proposed that the species be merged with e. Weed extracts on the seed germination and seedling growth of rice and soyabean. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at participating herbaria. Pdf echinochloacolona is a cosmopolitan weed common in gardens, roadsides, disturbed sites. Multiple resistant echinochloa colona from venezuela. An illustrated flora of the northern united states, canada and the british possessions. An echinochloa colona in nahilalakip ha genus nga echinochloa, ngan familia nga poaceae.
Link is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus echinochloa family poaceae. Pdf echinochloa colonum resistance to bispyribacsoduim in. Inflorescence typically linear, 115 cm long, the racemes neatly 4rowed. This page was last edited on 3 september 2017, at 08.
From north to south, the temperate climates of arizona merge into the new world tropics in central and southern sonora. In venezuela this weed first evolved multiple resistance to 2 herbicide sites of action in 2008 and infests rice. Media in category echinochloa frumentacea the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. Echinochloa colonum wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. Link echinochloa colonum corn panic grass junglerice more. Pdf alternative control of two biotypes of echinochloa. Junglerice echinochloa colona is a monocot weed in the poaceae family. Milium colonum milium colonum linnaeus moench, methodus 202. It also grows along waterways, on the margins of lakes and ponds, in swamps and wetlands, and in other damp habitats. Lesions on the unpigmented parts of the skin disappear quickly when animals are taken off the pasture. Identification and mechanism of echinochloa colonum l.
Awnless barnyard grass echinochloa colona is a common weed of crops particularly rice, gardens, roadsides, disturbed sites and waste areas in australia. General information about echinochloa colona echco southern and eastern mediterranean, western asia, indian subcontinent, china, indochina. Barnyard grass cockspur grass common barnyard grass echinochloa crusgalli scientific classification. Echinochloa is a very widespread genus of plants in the grass family and tribe paniceae. The alabama plant atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Summer annual grass emergencelow desert 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 mar. It was formerly classified as a species of panicum. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank.
Echinochloa article about echinochloa by the free dictionary. Echinochloa esculenta is thought to be a cultivated derivative of e. Comparative embryology of echinochloa colonum and echinochloa. Eleusine indica, enteropogon dolichostachyus, eragrostis unioloides. The specific epithet comes from the latin colonus, farmer. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Biology, impact, and management of echinochloa colona l. Link is a common weed species in maize cultivation. Exotic plants in the sonoran desert region, arizona and sonora. Effect of population density of echinochloa crusgalli and. The plant list includes 124 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus echinochloa. Japanese barnyard millet echinochloa crusgalli is native to temperate eurasia and was domesticated in japan some 4000 years ago. Summer annual grass identification university of arizona.
Echinochloa colona, a monocot, is an annual grass that is not native to california. Echinochloa colona is a fast growing summer grass but does not tolerate drought. Echinochloa colona was first described in1833, as a type of wild grass originating from tropical asia. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Echinochloa colona manual of the alien plants of belgium.
Echinochloa colona flowers throughout the year and is propagated by seeds. Echinochloa colonum, echinochloa crusgalli, cyperus iria, eclipta alba, celosia argentia, dactyloctameum, setaria glauca, monocharia spp. Plants profile for echinochloa crusgalli barnyardgrass. It is a polymorphic weed of warm temperate and subtropical regions, whose numerous intergrading races are apparently the consequence of cleistogamous selfpollination. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 410176 with original publication details.
As various common and taxonomic names are used for both, this leads to considerable confusion. Echinochloa colona is a widespread, weedy species, distinguished by its short, neat, usually rather openly spaced racemes of rounded, awnless spikelets. They are red purple at their base and can root at the lower nodes catindig et al. In 1833 link included the panicum colonum in the genus echinochloa and named it echinochloa colona, thus using. Use of calotropis calotropis gigantea as green manure checks the growth of the weed marsilea quadrifolia. Link article in crop protection 83 may 2016 with 1,374 reads how we measure reads. Habitat cultivated in maharashtra, madhya pradesh, uttar pradesh, karnataka, tamil nadu, bihar and andhra pradesh. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of echinochloa crusgalli and echinochloa colonum on the growth and yield of rice cv. Echinochloa colona echcooverview eppo global database. Jungle rice is a plant of echinochloa genus, which is distributed over the tropical and the subtropical zones and is regarded as questionable as weeds holm et al,1977. Echinochloa esculenta is cultivated both for grain and forage, like e. Echinochloa colona, commonly known as jungle rice, deccan grass, or awnless barnyard grass, is a type of wild grass originating from tropical asia. Echinochloa colona versus echinochloa colonum poaceae. Link is an annual rarely perennial grass, 30100 cm high.